Linux is a free and open-source operating system that is based on the Unix operating system. It is composed of the Linux kernel, which is the core of the operating system, and a set of user-space programs and libraries that provide common services and interfaces.
The Linux kernel is responsible for managing system resources, such as memory and CPU time, and providing services to user-space programs through system calls. It also includes device drivers that allow it to interact with hardware devices, such as storage devices and network interfaces.
User-space programs and libraries provide a wide range of functionality, including system utilities, such as the command-line shell and text editors, as well as graphical user interfaces, web browsers, and programming languages. These programs and libraries are typically written in C and C++ and are executed by the kernel through system calls.
Linux also supports a wide range of file systems, including ext4, XFS, and NTFS, as well as network file systems, such as NFS and SMB. It also supports virtualization, allowing multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical host.
Linux is widely used in servers, supercomputers, mobile devices, and embedded systems, as well as in personal computers. It is also the basis for many other operating systems, such as Android and Chrome OS.
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